The Protocol: Ethereum’s Final Pectra Test Goes Live

### Hyperliquid Simplifies DeFi Token Transfers; Celo Completes Layer-2 Migration; Bitcoin DeFi Faces Fork Challenges

#### **Ethereum’s Pectra Test Nears Completion**

Ethereum’s much-anticipated Pectra upgrade underwent its final test on the Hoodi testnet, marking a crucial step toward its mainnet launch. This upgrade aims to enhance usability, including smart contract support for wallets, allowing users to pay gas fees with cryptocurrencies beyond ETH. With prior testnet issues now addressed, developers plan to monitor the upgrade for the next 30 days before deployment.

#### **Hyperliquid Enhances DeFi Token Transfers**

DeFi projects often face complexity due to multiple blockchains and token standards. Hyperliquid's latest update integrates HyperCore and HyperEVM, enabling seamless token transfers between these platforms. This direct linkage eliminates intermediaries, making asset movements simpler for users and developers.

#### **Celo Completes Migration to Ethereum Layer-2**

After nearly two years, Celo has successfully transitioned from a standalone Layer-1 blockchain to an Ethereum Layer-2 network using Optimism’s OP Stack. This shift enables faster, more cost-effective transactions while strengthening Celo’s alignment with the Ethereum ecosystem.

#### **Bitcoin DeFi Expansion Faces Fork Dilemma**

Bitcoin developers exploring DeFi solutions are considering zero-knowledge (ZK) proofs, but implementing this feature requires a soft fork—a significant challenge given Bitcoin’s $2 trillion valuation. Some, like Edan Yago of BitcoinOS, argue that innovative engineering can enable ZK functionality without altering Bitcoin’s core software. The release of BitSNARK, a Bitcoin rollup protocol, offers a potential workaround, allowing Bitcoin to interact with Ethereum, Solana, and Cardano.

These developments highlight ongoing innovations across the crypto space, with Ethereum, Bitcoin, and DeFi projects striving for greater efficiency and interoperability.